Delhi Man's Critical Condition Highlights Risks of AI-Advised HIV Prevention

A 45-year-old man from Delhi is in critical condition after experiencing a severe drug reaction. This occurred after he took HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) medication, which he purchased without a prescription, based on advice from an AI chat platform. The man developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition.

Details of the Incident

The man sought advice from an AI platform following a high-risk sexual contact and subsequently bought a 28-day course of HIV PEP from a local chemist. Doctors at Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, where the patient is being treated, reported that he took the medication for seven days before developing rashes. He then sought treatment at multiple hospitals for eye and other complications before being admitted to RML Hospital and diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Doctors treating the patient were surprised that he could obtain the drugs without a prescription, especially since they are not routinely prescribed anymore. According to national guidelines, HIV PEP involves a strictly monitored drug regimen that should only be started after medical evaluation, assessment of exposure risk, baseline testing, and close follow-up for adverse effects.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe condition that can cause extensive damage to the skin and mucous membranes, requiring intensive care.

Concerns and Warnings

Experts warn that the unsupervised use of antiretroviral drugs can lead to life-threatening reactions, organ damage, and long-term complications. This case highlights regulatory gaps in enforcing prescription-only sales of critical drugs and the increasing trend of individuals relying on AI platforms for medical advice, bypassing qualified clinicians. Doctors caution that while AI tools may offer general information, they cannot replace clinical judgment, especially in high-risk situations.

There is a growing call for standards to restrict online AI platforms from being used for direct health interventions.

Side Effects of HIV Prevention Drugs

Common side effects of HIV medications can include nausea, vomiting, bloating, indigestion, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, weakness, and insomnia. More severe side effects can include kidney or liver problems, peripheral neuropathy, and severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome. It is important to seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as rash, fever, muscle aches, mouth sores, or blisters develop.

Conclusion

This case underscores the potential dangers of self-medicating based on AI-generated advice and highlights the need for stricter regulations regarding the sale of prescription drugs and the use of AI in healthcare. It also reinforces the importance of consulting with qualified medical professionals for health advice and treatment.